Suchergebnisse

Publié suite au colloque tenu à Paris (FMSH) les 22-23 mars 2011, intitulé "Archéologie(s) coloniale(s) : approche transversale".Revue consultable sur http://www.editions-msh.fr/livre/?GCOI=27351100424040&fa=details et http://nda.revues.org/1221 ; International audience ; After the creation of the Délégation archéologique en Perse, following the signature in 1895 of an archaeological agreement, France continued during the first quarter of the XXth century her political influence in Asia, by creating new scientific structures, notably the École française d'Extrême-Orient (fundated between 1898 and 1900) and the Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan (1922). The archives of the SA throw light on the reality of these three institutions, concerning their birth and their development and taking up the complexity of the colonial archaeology "à la française". ; Après la création de la Délégation archéologique en Perse, consécutive à la signature en 1895 d'une convention archéologique, la France a poursuivi durant le premier quart du XXe siècle sa politique d'influence en Asie par le biais de nouvelles structures scientifiques, notamment l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (fondée entre 1898 et 1900) et la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan (1922). Les archives de la Société asiatique permettent d'éclairer les réalités de ces trois institutions, relatives à leur naissance et à leur développement, et d'aborder la complexité des pratiques de l'« archéologie coloniale » à la française.

Publié suite au colloque tenu à Paris (FMSH) les 22-23 mars 2011, intitulé "Archéologie(s) coloniale(s) : approche transversale".Revue consultable sur http://www.editions-msh.fr/livre/?GCOI=27351100424040&fa=details et http://nda.revues.org/1221 ; International audience ; After the creation of the Délégation archéologique en Perse, following the signature in 1895 of an archaeological agreement, France continued during the first quarter of the XXth century her political influence in Asia, by creating new scientific structures, notably the École française d'Extrême-Orient (fundated between 1898 and 1900) and the Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan (1922). The archives of the SA throw light on the reality of these three institutions, concerning their birth and their development and taking up the complexity of the colonial archaeology "à la française". ; Après la création de la Délégation archéologique en Perse, consécutive à la signature en 1895 d'une convention archéologique, la France a poursuivi durant le premier quart du XXe siècle sa politique d'influence en Asie par le biais de nouvelles structures scientifiques, notamment l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (fondée entre 1898 et 1900) et la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan (1922). Les archives de la Société asiatique permettent d'éclairer les réalités de ces trois institutions, relatives à leur naissance et à leur développement, et d'aborder la complexité des pratiques de l'« archéologie coloniale » à la française.

En 1952, la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan renouvelle la convention signée en 1922, qui fait du territoire un monopole archéologique officiel. Mais le texte autorise l'arrivée de nouveaux acteurs, parmi lesquels les Italiens et les Américains. Un demi-siècle plus tard, à l'aube du xxi e siècle, les premiers demeurent très actifs, contrairement aux seconds. L'article propose donc d'examiner la place que ces deux États donnèrent à l'archéologie, et les relations qu'entretinrent les équipes archéologiques avec les représentants scientifiques et politiques des différents pays.

International audience ; The Mission archéologique française en Albanie was born in 1923 thanks to the Deputy Justin Godart (1871-1956). It comes within a politics of development of the French archaeology in the nations newly independent after the Great War. The archives allow to recount the genesis of project and the negociations which led to the Convention archéologique franco-albanaise validated at Tirana in autumn 1923. The Mission constitutes a hybrid creation : heiress of the Service archéologique de l'Armée d'Orient that worked in North of Greece and Macedonia during the War and to which was attached Léon Rey (1887-1954), the Mission Director, she was also inspired by the model of the French-Afghan Convention carried out and signed by the Indianist Alfred Foucher at Kabul in 1922. This paper endeavoures to point the specificities of that mission, in the process of archaeological institutionalization developed in the French IIIrd Republic. ; La Mission archéologique française en Albanie est née en 1923 grâce au député Justin Godart (1871-1956). Elle s'inscrit dans une politique de développement de l'archéologie française dans les nations nouvellement indépendantes suite à la Première Guerre Mondiale. Les archives permettent de retracer la genèse du projet et les négociations qui ont abouti à la Convention archéologique franco-albanaise validée à Tirana à l'automne 1923. La Mission constitue une création hybride, héritière du Service archéologique de l'Armée d'Orient qui a œuvré en Grèce du Nord et en Macédoine durant la Grande Guerre, et auquel était rattaché Léon Rey (1887-1954), le Directeur de la Mission, mais aussi inspirée par le modèle de la convention franco-afghane réalisée et signée par l'indianiste Alfred Foucher à Kabul en 1922. L'article s'attache ainsi à montrer les spécificités de cette mission française, dans le processus d'institutionnalisation de l'archéologie développée sous la IIIe République.

International audience ; The Mission archéologique française en Albanie was born in 1923 thanks to the Deputy Justin Godart (1871-1956). It comes within a politics of development of the French archaeology in the nations newly independent after the Great War. The archives allow to recount the genesis of project and the negociations which led to the Convention archéologique franco-albanaise validated at Tirana in autumn 1923. The Mission constitutes a hybrid creation : heiress of the Service archéologique de l'Armée d'Orient that worked in North of Greece and Macedonia during the War and to which was attached Léon Rey (1887-1954), the Mission Director, she was also inspired by the model of the French-Afghan Convention carried out and signed by the Indianist Alfred Foucher at Kabul in 1922. This paper endeavoures to point the specificities of that mission, in the process of archaeological institutionalization developed in the French IIIrd Republic. ; La Mission archéologique française en Albanie est née en 1923 grâce au député Justin Godart (1871-1956). Elle s'inscrit dans une politique de développement de l'archéologie française dans les nations nouvellement indépendantes suite à la Première Guerre Mondiale. Les archives permettent de retracer la genèse du projet et les négociations qui ont abouti à la Convention archéologique franco-albanaise validée à Tirana à l'automne 1923. La Mission constitue une création hybride, héritière du Service archéologique de l'Armée d'Orient qui a œuvré en Grèce du Nord et en Macédoine durant la Grande Guerre, et auquel était rattaché Léon Rey (1887-1954), le Directeur de la Mission, mais aussi inspirée par le modèle de la convention franco-afghane réalisée et signée par l'indianiste Alfred Foucher à Kabul en 1922. L'article s'attache ainsi à montrer les spécificités de cette mission française, dans le processus d'institutionnalisation de l'archéologie développée sous la IIIe République.

International audience ; This chapter focuses on the beginnings of archaeological excavations in Afghanistan to show how the rediscovery of an ancient, pre-Islamic heritagebeneath the soils of Afghanistan helped provide new intellectual resources for the creation of a modern nation state. Drawing on rich archival research, the chapter focuses on the work of the Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan (DAFA), which was established France in 1922 and began field excavations in Afghanistan shortly thereafter. Emerging as a joint enterprise of French archaeologists (several of whom had previously worked in France's own Asian colonies), the diplomats of the Quai d'Orsay and the modernist nation-building cadre of the Afghan government, the DAFA was the earliest of the many transnational organizations that would subsequently prove so influential in the construction of the concrete and intellectual fabric of modern Afghanistan. In being established just three years after the declaration of Afghan independence after the Third Anglo-Afghan War of 1919, the DAFA quickly found its investigations being subsumed into the new nationalist vision being propounded by its chief Afghan patron, King Amanullah Khan.

International audience ; This chapter focuses on the beginnings of archaeological excavations in Afghanistan to show how the rediscovery of an ancient, pre-Islamic heritagebeneath the soils of Afghanistan helped provide new intellectual resources for the creation of a modern nation state. Drawing on rich archival research, the chapter focuses on the work of the Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan (DAFA), which was established France in 1922 and began field excavations in Afghanistan shortly thereafter. Emerging as a joint enterprise of French archaeologists (several of whom had previously worked in France's own Asian colonies), the diplomats of the Quai d'Orsay and the modernist nation-building cadre of the Afghan government, the DAFA was the earliest of the many transnational organizations that would subsequently prove so influential in the construction of the concrete and intellectual fabric of modern Afghanistan. In being established just three years after the declaration of Afghan independence after the Third Anglo-Afghan War of 1919, the DAFA quickly found its investigations being subsumed into the new nationalist vision being propounded by its chief Afghan patron, King Amanullah Khan.

The Sistan is a semi-desert area located between the east of Iran and the west of Afghanistan. The territory has been continuously inhabited since prehistorical times. Therefore European and American scholars turned their attention to it from the early 20th century on a time of intense exploration of Central Asia. The French archaeological Delegation in Iran (DAFI), created in 1900, then the French archaeological Delegation in Afghanistan (DAFA), created in 1923, had an official monopoly which included the Sistan. Nevertheless German, British, Italian and American missions surveyed the area before and after the World War Two. Some sites, which seemed particularly promising, were excavated. In 1984 Iran and Afghanistan closed their doors to archaeologists for political reasons, and stopped temporarily all work. During 80 years, on a same area, individuals who had a complex status succeeded one another and often crossed each other. They all represented a state and one or many institutions. They came with practices, methods, and doxas specific to a scientific community. This study analyses their relations, to include their complexity. To what extent did they influence each other? Were they in competition in the name of a nation or an institution? Did they try to cooperate? Did they collaborate for a mutual, "universal", purpose? After a global presentation of the works made in Sistan, the study examines more specifically the French and German relationships. Then it describes the development of a so called international science, and stresses its limits. ; Le Séistan est une région semi désertique située entre l'est de l'Iran et l'ouest de l'Afghanistan. Le territoire fut habité de la préhistoire jusqu'à aujourd'hui. C'est pourquoi les savants européens et américains s'y intéressèrent dès les premières années du XXe siècle, période d'intense exploration de l'Asie centrale. La Délégation archéologique française en Iran (DAIFI), créée en 1900, puis la Délégation archéologique Française en Afghanistan (DAFA) créée en ...

The Sistan is a semi-desert area located between the east of Iran and the west of Afghanistan. The territory has been continuously inhabited since prehistorical times. Therefore European and American scholars turned their attention to it from the early 20th century on a time of intense exploration of Central Asia. The French archaeological Delegation in Iran (DAFI), created in 1900, then the French archaeological Delegation in Afghanistan (DAFA), created in 1923, had an official monopoly which included the Sistan. Nevertheless German, British, Italian and American missions surveyed the area before and after the World War Two. Some sites, which seemed particularly promising, were excavated. In 1984 Iran and Afghanistan closed their doors to archaeologists for political reasons, and stopped temporarily all work. During 80 years, on a same area, individuals who had a complex status succeeded one another and often crossed each other. They all represented a state and one or many institutions. They came with practices, methods, and doxas specific to a scientific community. This study analyses their relations, to include their complexity. To what extent did they influence each other? Were they in competition in the name of a nation or an institution? Did they try to cooperate? Did they collaborate for a mutual, "universal", purpose? After a global presentation of the works made in Sistan, the study examines more specifically the French and German relationships. Then it describes the development of a so called international science, and stresses its limits. ; Le Séistan est une région semi désertique située entre l'est de l'Iran et l'ouest de l'Afghanistan. Le territoire fut habité de la préhistoire jusqu'à aujourd'hui. C'est pourquoi les savants européens et américains s'y intéressèrent dès les premières années du XXe siècle, période d'intense exploration de l'Asie centrale. La Délégation archéologique française en Iran (DAIFI), créée en 1900, puis la Délégation archéologique Française en Afghanistan (DAFA) créée en ...

The Sistan is a semi-desert area located between the east of Iran and the west of Afghanistan. The territory has been continuously inhabited since prehistorical times. Therefore European and American scholars turned their attention to it from the early 20th century on a time of intense exploration of Central Asia. The French archaeological Delegation in Iran (DAFI), created in 1900, then the French archaeological Delegation in Afghanistan (DAFA), created in 1923, had an official monopoly which included the Sistan. Nevertheless German, British, Italian and American missions surveyed the area before and after the World War Two. Some sites, which seemed particularly promising, were excavated. In 1984 Iran and Afghanistan closed their doors to archaeologists for political reasons, and stopped temporarily all work. During 80 years, on a same area, individuals who had a complex status succeeded one another and often crossed each other. They all represented a state and one or many institutions. They came with practices, methods, and doxas specific to a scientific community. This study analyses their relations, to include their complexity. To what extent did they influence each other? Were they in competition in the name of a nation or an institution? Did they try to cooperate? Did they collaborate for a mutual, "universal", purpose? After a global presentation of the works made in Sistan, the study examines more specifically the French and German relationships. Then it describes the development of a so called international science, and stresses its limits. ; Le Séistan est une région semi désertique située entre l'est de l'Iran et l'ouest de l'Afghanistan. Le territoire fut habité de la préhistoire jusqu'à aujourd'hui. C'est pourquoi les savants européens et américains s'y intéressèrent dès les premières années du XXe siècle, période d'intense exploration de l'Asie centrale. La Délégation archéologique française en Iran (DAIFI), créée en 1900, puis la Délégation archéologique Française en Afghanistan (DAFA) créée en ...

The Sistan is a semi-desert area located between the east of Iran and the west of Afghanistan. The territory has been continuously inhabited since prehistorical times. Therefore European and American scholars turned their attention to it from the early 20th century on a time of intense exploration of Central Asia. The French archaeological Delegation in Iran (DAFI), created in 1900, then the French archaeological Delegation in Afghanistan (DAFA), created in 1923, had an official monopoly which included the Sistan. Nevertheless German, British, Italian and American missions surveyed the area before and after the World War Two. Some sites, which seemed particularly promising, were excavated. In 1984 Iran and Afghanistan closed their doors to archaeologists for political reasons, and stopped temporarily all work. During 80 years, on a same area, individuals who had a complex status succeeded one another and often crossed each other. They all represented a state and one or many institutions. They came with practices, methods, and doxas specific to a scientific community. This study analyses their relations, to include their complexity. To what extent did they influence each other? Were they in competition in the name of a nation or an institution? Did they try to cooperate? Did they collaborate for a mutual, "universal", purpose? After a global presentation of the works made in Sistan, the study examines more specifically the French and German relationships. Then it describes the development of a so called international science, and stresses its limits. ; Le Séistan est une région semi désertique située entre l'est de l'Iran et l'ouest de l'Afghanistan. Le territoire fut habité de la préhistoire jusqu'à aujourd'hui. C'est pourquoi les savants européens et américains s'y intéressèrent dès les premières années du XXe siècle, période d'intense exploration de l'Asie centrale. La Délégation archéologique française en Iran (DAIFI), créée en 1900, puis la Délégation archéologique Française en Afghanistan (DAFA) créée en ...

Résumé La délégation de la violence en contexte de guerre civile est souvent lue comme une érosion de l'État au profit d'acteurs non-étatiques incontrôlables. Nous soulignons ici les limites de cette lecture à partir d'une analyse du conflit afghan, en particulier de l'arbitrage qui a eu lieu sous l'administration Karzai entre l'accroissement des effectifs militaires pro-gouvernementaux et leur contrôle. Nous montrons non seulement que la présence de troupes internationales a considérablement affecté cet arbitrage, mais aussi que, contrairement aux interprétations dominantes, celui-ci révèle une volonté d'appropriation du processus de formation de l'État par ses élites plus qu'un recul de l'État lui-même. ; SCOPUS: ar.j ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published